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Housing· 4 min read

Finding an apartment

The rental market in big cities is competitive. Understand cold vs warm rent, the deposit, and the documents landlords expect.


Finding a flat (Wohnung) in popular cities can be the hardest part of moving to Germany. Being organised with your documents makes you stand out.

Key vocabulary

  • Kaltmiete — base ('cold') rent, excluding utilities.
  • Nebenkosten — additional costs (heating, water, building upkeep).
  • Warmmiete — total ('warm') rent including Nebenkosten.
  • Kaution — security deposit, usually up to 3 months' cold rent, refundable.
  • WG (Wohngemeinschaft) — a shared flat, often the easiest first option.

Documents landlords often ask for

  • SCHUFA credit report
  • Last 3 payslips or proof of income
  • Copy of ID / passport
  • Sometimes a 'Mietschuldenfreiheitsbescheinigung' (no-rent-debts confirmation) from a previous landlord
Watch out: Never transfer a deposit or 'viewing fee' before seeing the flat and signing a contract. Listings that ask you to pay upfront, or to send money abroad, are a classic scam.
Tip: After signing, your landlord must give you a Wohnungsgeberbestätigung so you can complete your Anmeldung. Ask for it on the day you get the keys.

Heads up: this is general orientation, not legal, tax or immigration advice. Rules and amounts vary by city and Bundesland and change over time — always confirm with the official source before acting.